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Acute gastrointestinal illness assoc...

Lambertini, Elisabetta.

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Acute gastrointestinal illness associated with virus contamination of drinking water in communities served by small groundwater systems.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Acute gastrointestinal illness associated with virus contamination of drinking water in communities served by small groundwater systems./
Author:	Lambertini, Elisabetta.
Description:	167 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-12, Section: B, page: .
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International71-12B.
Subject:	Health Sciences, Public Health. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3427388
ISBN:	9781124315898

Acute gastrointestinal illness associated with virus contamination of drinking water in communities served by small groundwater systems.
Lambertini, Elisabetta.

Acute gastrointestinal illness associated with virus contamination of drinking water in communities served by small groundwater systems. - 167 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-12, Section: B, page: .

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2010.

Human pathogens have been observed in municipal drinking water systems. Microbial intrusions due to distribution system deficiencies are a recognized cause of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) outbreaks. Yet, their importance as a cause of sporadic and endemic AGI is poorly understood. The WAHTER (Water And Health Trial for Enteric Risk) study sought to characterize health impacts associated with virus intrusions into drinking water distribution systems, as well as with virus contamination of source groundwater.

ISBN: 9781124315898Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017659
Health Sciences, Public Health.

Acute gastrointestinal illness associated with virus contamination of drinking water in communities served by small groundwater systems.
LDR:03628nam 2200361 4500 001 1392686
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020 $a 9781124315898
035 $a (UMI)AAI3427388
035 $a AAI3427388
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Lambertini, Elisabetta. $3 1671150
245 1 0 $a Acute gastrointestinal illness associated with virus contamination of drinking water in communities served by small groundwater systems.
300 $a 167 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-12, Section: B, page: .
500 $a Adviser: Frank J. Loge.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2010.
520 $a Human pathogens have been observed in municipal drinking water systems. Microbial intrusions due to distribution system deficiencies are a recognized cause of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) outbreaks. Yet, their importance as a cause of sporadic and endemic AGI is poorly understood. The WAHTER (Water And Health Trial for Enteric Risk) study sought to characterize health impacts associated with virus intrusions into drinking water distribution systems, as well as with virus contamination of source groundwater.
520 $a The WAHTER study was designed as a cohort epidemiological trial with cross-over intervention, taking place in 14 small Wisconsin communities relying on untreated groundwater. Six human enteric virus types were enumerated by RT-qPCR in the source groundwater and household tap water of the study communities during four three-month periods in 2006-2007. AGI incidence in the communities was reported through weekly health questionnaires. Each community received intervention in the form of UV disinfection at active wellheads for one of the study years. During UV intervention viral contamination in source groundwater was virtually eliminated, so that viruses detected at taps could be ascribed to intrusions into distribution systems.
520 $a Within the context of the WAHTER study, this dissertation focuses on: the validation of a method to concentrate viruses from water using glass wool filtration (Chapter 1); a method to estimate virus numbers in environmental samples using integrated cell culture-qPCR (Chapter 2); the association between distribution system maintenance or failure events and viral contamination in distribution systems (Chapter 3); and estimating non-epidemic AGI incidence associated with virus intrusions into distribution systems (Chapter 4).
520 $a The association between virus levels at household taps and distribution system events was tested using generalized linear regression. The occurrence of pipe installations was significantly associated with increased virus levels in distribution systems, while hydrant flushing was significantly associated with reduced virus loads (Chapter 3).
520 $a AGI associated with distribution systems was estimated using a Monte Carlo-based static risk assessment framework. Results suggest that virus intrusions into drinking water distribution systems can be a significant contributor to non-epidemic AGI. Distribution system risk was highly variable, reflecting the sporadic nature of contamination events (Chapter 4).
590 $a School code: 0029.
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Public Health. $3 1017659
650 4 $a Water Resource Management. $3 1669219
650 4 $a Engineering, Environmental. $3 783782
690 $a 0573
690 $a 0595
690 $a 0775
710 2 $a University of California, Davis. $b Civil and Environmental Engineering. $3 1671151
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 71-12B.
790 1 0 $a Loge, Frank J., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Borchardt, Mark A. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Ginn, Timothy R. $e committee member
790 $a 0029
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2010
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3427388