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Introduction: the Northern Capital -- At the edge of the North China Plain: the location and prehistory of the Beijing area -- Chinese or barbarian: c. 2,000 BCE to 581 CE -- Regained and lost: the Sui, Tang, Liao and Jin dynasties, 581 to 1215 -- Destroyed and rebuilt: the Mongol conquest and the new city of Dadu, 1215 to 1368 -- Chinese capital: the Ming dynasty, 1368 to 1644 -- Change of mandate: the Manchu conquest, 1644-1860 -- Besieged: the late Qing dynasty, 1860-1911 -- Northern Peace: the Republic, the Warlords, and Communist Revolution, 1911-1949 -- Pride restored: the People's Republic of China, 1949-1976 -- The modern city: 1976 to the present. |