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[ subject:"Environmental science." ]
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Biodegradation of Polyethylene and F...
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Nguyen, Mindy Hai.
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Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Functional Polyethylene Under Controlled Composting Conditions in Soil.
紀錄類型:
書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:
Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Functional Polyethylene Under Controlled Composting Conditions in Soil./
作者:
Nguyen, Mindy Hai.
出版者:
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2017,
面頁冊數:
147 p.
附註:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.
Contained By:
Dissertation Abstracts International78-12B(E).
標題:
Environmental science. -
電子資源:
http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10271875
ISBN:
9780355062991
Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Functional Polyethylene Under Controlled Composting Conditions in Soil.
Nguyen, Mindy Hai.
Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Functional Polyethylene Under Controlled Composting Conditions in Soil.
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2017 - 147 p.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Texas Southern University, 2017.
Polyethylene is the most common plastic. Since the first developments of polyethylene, scientists have made intensive research efforts to improve its physical and chemical properties. Polyethylene is a thermoplastic polymer consisting of long hydrocarbon chains. Most polyethylene has excellent chemical properties including chemical resistance and good stability. It has been used in all sectors of life, including agriculture applications. During the past decades the increasing use of polyethylene has created serious issues with its waste in the environment. One approach to reduce the polyethylene in the environment is to modify its original nonfunctional structure to be more functional with the hope these modified molecules will be degraded more rapidly in the environment. None of these plans will be effective if there is no good knowledge of how PE and its modified structures can be degraded in the environment. Many biodegradation studies of polyethylene in soil have been reported.
ISBN: 9780355062991Subjects--Topical Terms:
677245
Environmental science.
Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Functional Polyethylene Under Controlled Composting Conditions in Soil.
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Polyethylene is the most common plastic. Since the first developments of polyethylene, scientists have made intensive research efforts to improve its physical and chemical properties. Polyethylene is a thermoplastic polymer consisting of long hydrocarbon chains. Most polyethylene has excellent chemical properties including chemical resistance and good stability. It has been used in all sectors of life, including agriculture applications. During the past decades the increasing use of polyethylene has created serious issues with its waste in the environment. One approach to reduce the polyethylene in the environment is to modify its original nonfunctional structure to be more functional with the hope these modified molecules will be degraded more rapidly in the environment. None of these plans will be effective if there is no good knowledge of how PE and its modified structures can be degraded in the environment. Many biodegradation studies of polyethylene in soil have been reported.
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According to ASTM test method D5988-03, this standard test method was designed to apply to all plastic materials that are not inhibitory to the bacteria and fungi present in soil and compost. The current project consists of the selection of common polyethylene used in agriculture applications, including positive control biodegradable cellulose and polylactic acid samples, negative control commercial high molecular weight polyethylene, and Baker Hughes specialty low molecular weight polyethylene and functional polyethylene. All the samples were buried in soil and monitored for the carbon dioxide evolved by the microorganisms as a function of time. The carbon dioxide was determined by titration and the change in molecular weight was determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and molecular structures of tested samples was determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
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The goal of this study was to investigate the rates of both the intermediate degradation (e.g., chain scission, hydrolysis) and complete degradation to CO2 for a variety of polyethylene based polymers. These polymers were chosen to investigate the effects of various properties on the degradation rates. The properties chosen were high molecular weight vs. low molecular weight and non-functional polyethylene vs. functional polyethylene. These studies were performed by placing the polymer sample in contact with soil under laboratory conditions and also outside under natural conditions. The study concluded that low molecular weight polyethylene with low percent crystallinity polymer will degrade faster than higher molecular weight polyethylene with higher crystallinity. The study also showed that the availability of hydrophilic groups in the molecule would make the degradation process go much faster. By knowing the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of a plastic material in the environment, it is possible to estimate the time period over which polyethylene and its modified molecular derivatives will be removed from the environment.
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