東華大學圖書館 |

From Plastic Mulching to Microplastic Pollution: An Effect Assessment of Microplastics in the Soil-Plant System.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	From Plastic Mulching to Microplastic Pollution: An Effect Assessment of Microplastics in the Soil-Plant System./
作者:	Meng, Fanrong.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	194 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-07B.
標題:	Soils. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28935603
ISBN:	9798762122245

From Plastic Mulching to Microplastic Pollution: An Effect Assessment of Microplastics in the Soil-Plant System.
Meng, Fanrong.

From Plastic Mulching to Microplastic Pollution: An Effect Assessment of Microplastics in the Soil-Plant System. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 194 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wageningen University and Research, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

In recent years, scientists have become increasingly concerned about microplastic pollution. Efforts to raise awareness about microplastic pollution were initiated by marine and aquatic scientists who saw increasing amounts of plastic polluting surface water. However, recently studies reveal that continental environments have received 4-23 times the amount of plastic residues than the oceans. Some scientists estimate that agricultural soil alone may store more microplastic than all the world's oceans put together. After entering soil, microplastics can affect soil physical, chemical and biological processes and be ingested by soil organisms. Plastic debris originating from mulching films has made a significant contribution to agricultural microplastic pollution. Just how much of a contribution remains unclear since comprehensive data about the accumulation of plastic residues and the occurrence of microplastics in agricultural fields are missing. The effects of LDPE and biodegradable microplastics on soil-plant systems have scarcely been addressed. Biodegradable plastic films were designed to be tilled into the soil and be biodegraded into water and carbon dioxide by soil microorganisms. However, current biodegradable materials have only been tested under laboratory conditions. Full biodegradation under insitu conditions have rarely been observed. Instead, biodegradable materials tend to break down into smaller bio-plastic fragments and microplastics rather than fully biodegrade. Worryingly, the ecological effects of LDPE and biodegradable microplastics in soil-plant systems remains largely unknown. For this reason, this PhD thesis aims to fill some knowledge gaps concerning the effects of plastic mulching and microplastic pollution on terrestrial ecosystems. To achieve this, a field observation and a net house mesocosm experiment were carried out to investigate the growing concerns surrounding agricultural plastic waste as well as the effects of microplastics on soil-plant systems.In Chapter 2, we share the results of a field observation conducted in September 2017 in North western China. We selected two regions with a long history of plastic mulching use but with two different farming systems. The first study region (S1) was characterized by small scale farmlands, crop rotation (3 harvests every 2 years) and low intensity machinery use. The second study region (S2) was characterized by large scale farmlands, single yearly harvests and high intensity machinery use. Agricultural plastic wastes were collected from the top 0-30 cm of soil. Our results indicated that in S1, fields with continuous application of plastic mulching accumulated significantly higher amounts of macroplastics than fields with intermittent application of plastic mulching. Different crop rotations affected the field preparation time, thus affecting the number of macroplastics found. From the total amount of macroplastics that were collected, macroplastics in the 10-50 cm2 size category accounted for over 40% of the collected macroplastics, followed by macroplastics from 2- 10 cm2 which accounted for over 30%. In S2, we found that the accumulation of macroplastics did not increase with increasing years of mulching use. The collected macroplastics were mainly from the size category 0.25-2 cm2 (40.6%) and 2-10 cm2 (41.1%). Comparing the two study regions, macroplastics were more fragmented in S2 than in S1.

ISBN: 9798762122245Subjects--Topical Terms:

549914
Soils.

From Plastic Mulching to Microplastic Pollution: An Effect Assessment of Microplastics in the Soil-Plant System.
LDR:04581nmm a2200349 4500 001 2351435
005 20221107085643.5
008 241004s2021 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9798762122245
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI28935603
035 $a (MiAaPQ)Wageningen587573
035 $a AAI28935603
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Meng, Fanrong. $3 3691006
245 1 0 $a From Plastic Mulching to Microplastic Pollution: An Effect Assessment of Microplastics in the Soil-Plant System.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2021
300 $a 194 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-07, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Geissen, V. ;Yang, X. ;Xu, M. .
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wageningen University and Research, 2021.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a In recent years, scientists have become increasingly concerned about microplastic pollution. Efforts to raise awareness about microplastic pollution were initiated by marine and aquatic scientists who saw increasing amounts of plastic polluting surface water. However, recently studies reveal that continental environments have received 4-23 times the amount of plastic residues than the oceans. Some scientists estimate that agricultural soil alone may store more microplastic than all the world's oceans put together. After entering soil, microplastics can affect soil physical, chemical and biological processes and be ingested by soil organisms. Plastic debris originating from mulching films has made a significant contribution to agricultural microplastic pollution. Just how much of a contribution remains unclear since comprehensive data about the accumulation of plastic residues and the occurrence of microplastics in agricultural fields are missing. The effects of LDPE and biodegradable microplastics on soil-plant systems have scarcely been addressed. Biodegradable plastic films were designed to be tilled into the soil and be biodegraded into water and carbon dioxide by soil microorganisms. However, current biodegradable materials have only been tested under laboratory conditions. Full biodegradation under insitu conditions have rarely been observed. Instead, biodegradable materials tend to break down into smaller bio-plastic fragments and microplastics rather than fully biodegrade. Worryingly, the ecological effects of LDPE and biodegradable microplastics in soil-plant systems remains largely unknown. For this reason, this PhD thesis aims to fill some knowledge gaps concerning the effects of plastic mulching and microplastic pollution on terrestrial ecosystems. To achieve this, a field observation and a net house mesocosm experiment were carried out to investigate the growing concerns surrounding agricultural plastic waste as well as the effects of microplastics on soil-plant systems.In Chapter 2, we share the results of a field observation conducted in September 2017 in North western China. We selected two regions with a long history of plastic mulching use but with two different farming systems. The first study region (S1) was characterized by small scale farmlands, crop rotation (3 harvests every 2 years) and low intensity machinery use. The second study region (S2) was characterized by large scale farmlands, single yearly harvests and high intensity machinery use. Agricultural plastic wastes were collected from the top 0-30 cm of soil. Our results indicated that in S1, fields with continuous application of plastic mulching accumulated significantly higher amounts of macroplastics than fields with intermittent application of plastic mulching. Different crop rotations affected the field preparation time, thus affecting the number of macroplastics found. From the total amount of macroplastics that were collected, macroplastics in the 10-50 cm2 size category accounted for over 40% of the collected macroplastics, followed by macroplastics from 2- 10 cm2 which accounted for over 30%. In S2, we found that the accumulation of macroplastics did not increase with increasing years of mulching use. The collected macroplastics were mainly from the size category 0.25-2 cm2 (40.6%) and 2-10 cm2 (41.1%). Comparing the two study regions, macroplastics were more fragmented in S2 than in S1.
590 $a School code: 2157.
650 4 $a Soils. $3 549914
650 4 $a Pollutants. $3 551065
650 4 $a Biomass. $3 1013462
650 4 $a Environmental impact. $3 3564810
650 4 $a Agriculture. $3 518588
650 4 $a Farming. $3 3687613
650 4 $a Environmental conditions. $3 3550086
650 4 $a Biodegradation. $3 705930
650 4 $a Biodegradable materials. $3 3691007
650 4 $a Plant growth. $3 3540341
650 4 $a Analytical chemistry. $3 3168300
650 4 $a Soil sciences. $3 2122699
650 4 $a Plastics. $3 649803
690 $a 0473
690 $a 0486
690 $a 0474
690 $a 0481
690 $a 0795
710 2 $a Wageningen University and Research. $3 3557914
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 83-07B.
790 $a 2157
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2021
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28935603